Principles of shale gas and mining technology

shale gas refers to occur in  unconventional gas   often distributed in source rocks of sedimentary basin formation. However, this gas is trapped in dense, almost no pores and cracks in the shale, in the exploitation of its formation must be artificial fracturing, manufacturing long cracks, and to the formation of cracks prop channel, so keep up the pressure and gas continuously flow into the wellbore.
Shale gas extraction technology is mainly horizontal drilling techniques and hydraulic fracturing technology. Mainly for the production of horizontal wells, you can get a larger reservoir discharge area, get higher natural gas production. The purpose of  Hydraulic fracturing  is to increase the well bore and gas reservoir rocks contacts for oil and gas to the well bore to provide a high penetration of mobile channel. The basic process is the completion of the drilling and installation of drilling, high-pressure liquid mixture into the drilling, so that gas reservoir rocks crack, and the high-pressure liquid  Proppant  into the fracture to keep it open after the state, making this a hydraulic fracture The oil and gas drilling speed channel guide. High pressure liquid water and solid support by the agents (such as quartz sand) and chemical additives, water, sand content is generally 98% - 99.5%, additive content of 0.5% - 2%. For high-pressure fluid has more than 250 kinds of chemical additives.