For oil fracturing proppant mixer granulator

According to the resulting pellet size, density and wet conditions, mixing granulator can generally be divided into two categories. Like horizontal mixing tank and kneading machines of the first type, in this type of granulator, generally in a capillary state can create dense pellets, rolling pan granulation method similar products. Class mixer or blender to produce a strong internal component friction and shearing. Mixing granulation method is superior than the roll pan granulation method, because it has a kneading action that can create high hardness, high strength pellets, capable of handling viscous materials, to changing operating conditions have a greater ability to adapt. Mixed method were relatively dense pellets, liquid dosage required is less than its roll pan granulator. Disadvantages mixing granulator, usually a larger maintenance costs and power consumption, the irregular shape of the product, you may need further shaping, such as the application roller tray dryer so that the product is regular in shape.
The second class of mixed granulation method, the degree of wetting of the powder into the capillary state far, aggregate strength of the formation of relatively poor production of "instant" food wetting balance, drying and cooling process, that is such a granulation for example.
These two categories are mixed granulation equipment development, however, some types of mixers for granulation method are applicable. Distinction between granular and dense instant granulator granulator between large grains, some arbitrariness, are some examples:
1. Horizontal disc mixer
In the early ceramic sand granulation, horizontal disk-shaped mixer mixed with granulation Hydraulic Fracturing Proppants into one, the typical horizontal disc granulator, diameter up to 7.5ft (2.3m), deep 18in (0.5m) , material capacity of from 0.5 to 1t (0.5 to 0.9mg). Eccentrically mounted disc and the disc in the reverse tumbling mixing blades, to maintain a certain state of agitation, along with a plasticizer (e.g. water) is injected, they formed a dense pellet. For ceramic sand granulation, the mixing time is typically 2 or 3 minutes, automatic circulation system, its production rate is generally 12 to 15t / h (11 to 14rmg / h), but up to 30t / h (27mg / h) are also possible. In modern ceramic sand granulator industry, such a mixer (for example Eirich mixer rotating disc-shaped horizontal convection) is typically used for the swash plate granulator feed.
2. Blade mixer
Also known blender blade mixer, paddle mixer, and kneader. Usually consists of horizontal trough and mounted on the inside of the agitator shaft. In the stirring shaft equipped with a rod, needle-shaped, plate-shaped stirring blades and other forms. The stirring tank can be a uniaxial type, a biaxial type or may be, but generally the most common two-shaft. Two counter-rotating shafts, shaft intermeshing hydraulic fracturing proppant paddle into the front and center of the material. Thick frame and impeller blades from the edge of the member or the composition, structure and firm, hard edge portion. Can be attached to the exhaust hood, spray systems and the use of stainless steel components. In addition to feeding the mixer end portion estuary, the charging port may be provided at any position along the length of the mixer, can be applied to a total length of the mixer, the mixer operation more flexible.

Oil fracturing proppant News

1. Horizontal disc mixer
In the early ceramic sand granulation, horizontal disk-shaped mixer mixed with granulation process into one, the typical horizontal disc granulator, diameter up to 7.5ft (2.3m), deep 18in (0.5m) , material capacity of from 0.5 to 1t (0.5 to 0.9mg). Eccentrically mounted disc and the disc in the reverse tumbling mixing blades, to maintain a certain state of agitation, along with a ceramic proppants (e.g. water) is injected, they formed a dense pellet. For ceramic sand granulation, the mixing time is typically 2 or 3 minutes, automatic circulation system, its production rate is generally 12 to 15t / h (11 to 14rmg / h), but up to 30t / h (27mg / h) are also possible. In modern ceramic sand granulator industry, such a mixer (for example Eirich mixer rotating disc-shaped horizontal convection) is typically used for the swash plate granulator feed.
2. Blade mixer
Also known blender blade mixer, ceramic proppant manufacturers mixer, and kneader. Usually consists of horizontal trough and mounted on the inside of the agitator shaft. In the stirring shaft equipped with a rod, needle-shaped, plate-shaped stirring blades and other forms. The stirring tank can be a uniaxial type, a biaxial type or may be, but generally the most common two-shaft. Two counter-rotating shafts, shaft intermeshing paddle into the front and center of the material. Thick frame and impeller blades from the edge of the member or the composition, structure and firm, hard edge portion. Can be attached to the exhaust hood, spray systems and the use of stainless steel components. In addition to feeding the mixer end portion estuary, the charging port may be provided at any position along the length of the mixer, can be applied to a total length of the mixer, the mixer operation more flexible.

Relationship with crude oil proppant acidification of compatibility

In the production of oil proppant time, another serious problem is the reaction of formation fluid is crude oil with an acid to remove residual oil phase can increase the effectiveness of the acid system. Some oils, in particular black heavy oil (<30'APl) and an acid or acid forming slag (precipitated asphalt), either to form a stable emulsion. Moore et al (1965) reported the problem, and give a solution. Sometimes slag breaker agent and does not prevent the formation of a stable emulsion formation. Houchin and Hudmn (1986) discussed similar issues exist organic deposition. Recent resin coated proppant studies have shown, how to prevent the reaction of the acid and the crude acid residue and more stable emulsion. Some "difficult" crude oil between the crude oil and the need to use a hydrocarbon solvent, an acid buffer, crude oil, and the acid can be miscible. Buffers to reduce exposure of crude oil and an acid, and prevent or reduce the acid sludge and emulsion problems. This technique, In Wyoming oilfield construction will increase the success rate from 25% to 75%.
Due to the pressure drop, the asphalt particles will settle. Mutual solvent can be used to partially or completely ceramic proppant disperse them. This action will help to better dissolve the acid-soluble acid solid. To an already oil-based mud competing well well before acidified with an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent pre-soaked conducive flowback. Formulations mutual solvent and surfactant solution can be used as a pre-rinse solution, to restore the formation of water-wet condition.
reported the use co, as a pre-construction solution on acidification has many benefits, helps to reduce the amount of acid to achieve the desired success increase. This type of solution has been demonstrated in the pre-core studies, can improve oil displacement efficiency and improve the flow of the oil.

Sandstone matrix acidizing - an important oil-producing proppant technology

Sandstone described herein derived from classification geologic means of rock with a high quartz content. In addition to a clear quartz components, also contain other resin coated sand proppant minerals such as aluminosilicates, metal oxides, sulfur, chlorides, carbonates and amorphous silicate minerals, which is deposited in the original sediments mineral called debris. Most mineral water sensitive. When the fluid through the rock matrix, traction can transport these minerals, clogged pore throat.
Sandstone connate water contains many soluble natural mineral, which is due to the equilibrium resin coated ceramic proppant and partial pressure of dissolved gases (such as carbon dioxide) and the presence of other ions. As the fluid output, the pressure drop associated to break this balance and formation of normal saline ion content, and may block the formation of precipitation pore throat. This diagenesis produce it authigenic mineral species (such as calcium carbonate, and clay materials such as zeolite, illite, kaolinite and montmorillonite).
Many job well can lead to geological damage, for example, drilling and completion fluids often leak into the sandstone. Drilling and completion of the filtrate invasion can produce a completely different chemical environment, environmental acidification is carried out. Other formation damage can produce perforating, gravel packing, normal production and water injection job. Many pollutants and acid dissolution most mineral formations. Understand the chemical reaction of acid rock reaction is to choose the basis proppant type and proppant concentration.

Influence the formation of acid should also affect the production of oil proppant

In the production process of oil proppants, in sandstone acidizing, the formation fluid and mineral compatibility is very important. Therefore, to determine the potential of acid precipitation mixture of soil minerals and connate water needs careful examination. The product does not have to be dissolved in the acid reaction of residual acid solution or some ionic environment.
The following describes the response to acid formation
Even if the contamination is determined, the situation unworthy team may also occur. A good hsp proppant the fluid system is feasible, the response may determine formation fluids and mineral acid and residual acid. These are not compatible and can lead to cavities solid precipitate, can clog pores, offsetting improvements acid formation. Acidification results may never be completely removed injury impact and there is no harm to the greatest improvement in the formation of acid produced by precipitation or blockage formation.
When can conduct a detailed petrographic analysis of core, geochemical simulation can be used to estimate potential problems. This simulation requires a detailed definition of the chemical characteristics of the construction of the fluid, mineral and matrix formation pollution characteristics. Particle release and finer residual contamination is still possible formation of acid precipitation, which is inconsistent with the core test results.
When we proppant conductivity production of oil, we must pay more attention to the impact on the formation of acid to achieve higher yields.

Petroleum proppant acidification and stratigraphic features closely

Before acidification, pollution prevention and treatment of formation response is a reasonable design goal. Although extremely easy to dissolve formation damage, but successful acidification means is not formed while dissolving pollution damage. It is possible, but must first figure out the chemical characteristics of the formation of minerals and construction of the fluid, to predict when the acid into the formation, acid is how reactions. Potential fracturing proppants incompatibility by logging and core units to evaluate the optimal prevention. Potential problems because the reaction can produce secondary contamination, prolonged exposure generated will be considered.
Select fluid formation is characterized by two key mineral composition and permeability. Formation determine mineralogical characteristics help determine what kind of system of acid and acid concentration used. Determining formation permeability, can estimate the amount of matrix acidizing holding injection and maximum bottomhole pressure and other information.
Mechanical pressure with pores, temperature and formation of the design impact. High pore pressure in the lower strata of more than the failure of the high density ceramic rupture. Failure formation than the original observations have lower rupture pressure. Selected reaction temperature and a different rate of mineral acid. At higher temperatures, usually choose a lower acid concentration. To maintain the mechanical integrity of the skeleton of the formation of bad cement reservoirs generally reduces the acid concentration.

Technology research and development prospects of oil fracturing proppant

Hydraulic fracturing technology has become the main measures to increase production of oil and gas into. With the continuous development of hydraulic fracturing technology, petroleum industry Maide Ceramics Click to open the link in the growing demand for increasingly high performance requirements. Currently, deep low permeability fracturing of high density ultra-high strength ceramic proppant fracturing of oil has a great demand, and the application of high-strength low-density proppant is also an important measure to improve the deep well oil production. From raw material point of view, the use of high aluminum content of the preparation of high-performance industrial solid waste ceramic proppant fracturing of oil represents the development direction of oil fracturing isp proppant . In short, with the intensification of the world's energy crisis, high oil fracturing proppant will have a growing market and development potential. High-performance low-cost oil fracturing proppant research and development industry is bound to be people's attention and development.